What are the three layers of the ventricles called?

The three layers of the ventricles are accurately described as the epicardium, endocardium, and myocardium.

The myocardium is the thick, muscular middle layer of the heart, responsible for the contraction that pumps blood throughout the body. The endocardium is the inner layer that lines the heart chambers and is in direct contact with the blood. The epicardium, which is often considered the outer layer, is actually the visceral layer of the pericardium that covers the heart.

Understanding the roles of these layers is essential for grasping how the heart functions as a pump, and knowing their respective contributions is fundamental in the study of exercise physiology and cardiovascular health.