What effect does regular aerobic exercise typically have on resting heart rate?

Regular aerobic exercise typically lowers resting heart rate due to several physiological adaptations that occur in the cardiovascular system. When a person engages in consistent aerobic activities, such as running, swimming, or cycling, their heart becomes stronger and more efficient. This efficiency is reflected in the heart's ability to pump a greater volume of blood with each contraction, known as stroke volume.

As a result, the heart does not need to beat as frequently to maintain adequate blood circulation at rest. This leads to a lower resting heart rate over time. Additionally, aerobic exercise can enhance the vagus nerve's influence on the heart, promoting a state of parasympathetic dominance, which is associated with a slower heart rate.

Lowering the resting heart rate is generally considered a sign of improved cardiovascular fitness, as it indicates that the heart is working more efficiently. Overall, regular aerobic exercise promotes a healthier heart rhythm and contributes to better overall heart health, making a lower resting heart rate a typical outcome for those who engage in these activities consistently.