What is the average cardiac output (Q) for a healthy heart?

The average cardiac output (Q) for a healthy adult heart is typically around 5,000 mL per minute when at rest. This value can fluctuate based on factors such as the size of the individual, body position, and overall physical condition. At rest, the heart pumps sufficient blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body, and 5,000 mL/min serves as a general benchmark for the typical cardiac output in a healthy person.

While some values, like 4,000 mL, may be seen in certain populations (e.g., smaller individuals or during specific activity levels), they don't represent the average for a healthy adult at rest. Similarly, higher values like 6,000 mL could reflect increased output during intense physical activity rather than the average resting state. Therefore, 4,900 mL is the most aligned with the average resting cardiac output, but it is slightly below the typical range that is often cited. The standard expectation sits closer to 5,500 mL in some references, which accounts for variations and ensures that it remains within physiological norms for a healthy heart under typical conditions. Thus, the choice indicating 4,900 mL is appropriate when considering slight variations to typical averages but still reflects